10. Kth Largest Element
Pattern: Heap
Problem
Given an integer array and k, return the kth largest element.
Example:
Input: nums = [3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 4], k = 2
Output: 5Solution
type MinHeap []int
func (h MinHeap) Len() int { return len(h) }
func (h MinHeap) Less(i, j int) bool { return h[i] < h[j] }
func (h MinHeap) Swap(i, j int) { h[i], h[j] = h[j], h[i] }
func (h *MinHeap) Push(x any) { *h = append(*h, x.(int)) }
func (h *MinHeap) Pop() any {
old := *h
n := len(old)
x := old[n-1]
*h = old[0 : n-1]
return x
}
func kthLargestElement(arr []int, k int) int {
h := MinHeap{}
heap.Init(&h)
for i := 0; i < len(arr); i++ {
heap.Push(&h, arr[i])
if h.Len() > k {
heap.Pop(&h)
}
}
return h[0]
}Min heap of size k: after processing all elements, the root is the kth largest. O(n log k) time.